Environmental consultants Eunomia were commissioned by the OEP to develop a circular material use rate (CMUR) for England and Northern Ireland. They use the methodology developed by Eurostat – the statistical office of the European Commission - to determine the circularity of each nation and present Sankey diagrams that visualise key material flows and recovery rates. The resultant CMUR rates are compared with other economies and presented alongside an assessment of how each can be improved by reducing consumption rates and increasing material recovery.
This report was compiled by Eunomia on behalf of the Office for Environmental Protection.
The views provided in this report are those of Eunomia and do not represent the opinion or position of the OEP.
Some of the analysis in this report was used to inform the OEP’s report ‘Progress in improving the natural environment in England 2023/2024’.